Method
One question.
Finish the evidence.
We did not jump ahead.
For each part, the question was defined first. Then the controlling texts and legal sources were identified, competing propositions were separated, and the evidence boundary was recorded before the next discussion opened.
Identify the actual text or legal instrument being relied upon.
Identify who claims power to interpret, apply, change or remove it.
State the actual legal or constitutional consequence supported by the source.
Record what the evidence does not establish.
Starting distinction
Te Tiriti,
rights, principles, system.
These concepts are related, but they cannot be treated as interchangeable.
Te Tiriti as an agreement made in 1840 is one object of inquiry. Rights said to arise from it are another. Later Treaty principles developed through statutes, courts, the Waitangi Tribunal and executive practice are another. The present constitutional system that decides what legal effect they receive today is another again.
Te Tiriti itself
What was written, signed, understood and guaranteed?
Treaty-derived rights
What rights, protections, remedies or obligations are recognised today, and by what source?
Treaty principles
What later legal formulations were created, by whom, and for what legal purpose?
Constitutional interpretation
Who currently decides how Te Tiriti fits within the New Zealand legal and constitutional order?
Final investigation
Part 16.
What exactly are we protecting?
Sixteen discussions are now complete.
The final audit brings the evidence together without collapsing the categories. It identifies what may actually be protected when someone says “protect Te Tiriti”: the signed agreement, substantive rights, Treaty principles, statutory restraints, remedies, settlements, the Crown–Māori relationship, tino rangatiratanga as operative authority, or constitutional transformation.
Defines the phrase and separates protection of the agreement from Treaty-derived rights, Treaty principles, statutory mechanisms and the Crown's constitutional interpretation.
Part 02 · CompleteWhat did the February 1840 rangatira actually agree to? ↗Tests the Māori and English texts, what was explained at signing, the Stage 1 findings, and the limits of applying those findings beyond the February signatories.
Part 03 · CompleteWhat authority already existed before Te Tiriti? ↗Establishes the pre-1840 baseline: hapū and rangatira authority, collective action, the British protection relationship, He Wakaputanga and the limits of treating Te Wakaminenga as a centralised national government.
Part 04 · CompleteWhat does the Crown say Te Tiriti does today? ↗Separates constitutional significance from direct enforceability and traces the present legal effect of Te Tiriti through statutes, courts, the Waitangi Tribunal and public administration.
Part 05 · CompleteWhere did the “Treaty principles” come from? ↗Separates the signed Treaty texts from the statutory category created in 1975 and the later principles developed by the Tribunal, courts and Crown.
Part 06 · CompleteWho has authority to interpret Te Tiriti? ↗Maps Parliament, courts, the Waitangi Tribunal, executive government and rangatira/hapū, identifying the different legal authority and limits of each.
Part 07 · CompleteWhat does “entrenchment” legally mean? ↗Tests what entrenchment actually protects, how reserved provisions work, why the present model is only singly entrenched, and why entrenchment is not automatically constitutional supremacy.
Part 08 · CompleteEntrenched inside whose constitution? ↗Separates protection within the present parliamentary constitution from constitutional designs that expressly require Treaty-party consent, higher-law remedies or shared spheres of authority.
Part 09 · CompleteDoes protecting Te Tiriti protect tino rangatiratanga? ↗Tests whether protection preserves actual Māori authority or only Treaty language, rights, consultation and participation inside institutions where final decision-making remains elsewhere.
Part 10 · CompleteWould removing Treaty references restore rangatiratanga? ↗Shows why deleting a Crown Treaty duty does not itself transfer jurisdiction, and identifies the positive legal architecture required before authority can be said to have moved.
Part 11 · CompleteWhy does the Crown's own machinery protect Te Tiriti? ↗Maps the overlapping reasons: legislation, constitutional practice, courts, Tribunal accountability, public-service duties, settlement commitments, administrative continuity and political choice.
Part 12 · CompleteWhy do Māori MPs fight so hard for Te Tiriti? ↗Tests what MPs actually defend: constituency representation, legal safeguards, Treaty rights and remedies, Māori–Crown relationships, settlement commitments and claims to rangatiratanga—while showing there is no single Māori parliamentary doctrine.
Part 13 · CompleteHow did parliamentary supremacy become operative? ↗Separates historical consent from present legal effectiveness and traces the chain from Crown assertion and imperial legislation to the modern Parliament's statutory “full power to make laws”.
Part 14 · CompleteMatike Mai: protection or constitutional transformation? ↗Shows why Matike Mai is a constitutional transformation project rather than a Westminster entrenchment exercise, while recording its declared premises, six indicative models, non-binding legal status and the independence questions raised by the new 2026 funding proposal.
Part 15 · CompleteWho benefits from each constitutional model? ↗Tracks who gains authority, protection, representation or consent rights under parliamentary supremacy, stronger Treaty protection and each Matike Mai model—and identifies the mandate and accountability trade-offs each design creates.
Part 16 · Final auditWhat exactly are we protecting? ↗Brings all prior findings together and creates a practical disclosure test for every future proposal to “protect Te Tiriti”: protected object, legal mechanism, decision-maker, amendment power, remedy, rangatiratanga effect, mandate and overlap rule.
Final evidence boundary
Protect the right thing.
Name the authority.
The series does not ask readers to accept a slogan. It requires every proposal to identify exactly what legal or constitutional object is being protected and where decision-making authority sits after the protection is applied.
Open the final audit ↗